With 47% of renter households in Maine considered cost-burdened, heating assistance is essential to making sure residents and properties alike stay warm and safe during the winter.

Following a recent webinar hosted by the Maine Department of Energy Resources (DOER), Efficiency Maine Trust (Efficiency Maine), and the Maine State Housing Authority (MaineHousing), we’ve summarized the key points that property owners and renters need to know about Maine’s heating assistance programs. 

For property owners

What are the current heating prices in Maine?

Each week, the Maine Department of Energy Resources posts an updated list of average prices for heating oil, propane, and kerosene in the different regions of Maine, as well as electricity rates by company. They also include a guide for propane users to purchase fuel at the best price. Property owners and residents can use these guides to estimate how much it could cost to fill up a fuel tank or anticipate their electricity bills for the winter, whether these costs are included in rent or paid separately. 

What does the law say about heating in Maine? 

State law 14 M.R.S. §6021 codifies an implied warranty and covenant of habitability for all dwelling units, including heating requirements. Under this law, the minimum temperature of a unit must be at least 68 degrees Fahrenheit, and a building must be heated sufficiently so that pipes and other building equipment are protected from freezing.

It is possible to reduce the minimum temperature to as low as 62 degrees with a written and signed agreement from the tenant that also includes a “reasonable reduction in rent” for the accommodation. Note that this agreement is not possible if there is anyone over 65 years of age or under 5 years or age living in the unit. 

How can I take advantage of tax credits to make my properties more heating efficient?

Many of the federal tax credits allocated for home energy efficiency were voted to expire on December 31, 2025 as part of the “Big Beautiful Bill.” However, Efficiency Maine still offers rebates and discounts on items such as heat pumps, water heaters, insulation, and washers, so it’s a good idea to check their website for details if these items need to be replaced in any of your properties.

For residents

What is HEAP/LIHEAP?

LIHEAP stands for Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program, and is part of MaineHousing’s annual Energy Crisis Intervention Program to help households that need financial assistance to cover heating costs. More than 7,000 households received this assistance in 2024.

The program offers one-time annual benefits in the form of payments directly to utility companies or fuel vendors. Considering that around two-thirds of Mainers use oil or propane to heat their homes, the most of any US state, ensuring that residents have enough fuel to heat their homes during the harsh winter is critical.

How do I apply for LIHEAP?

Residents can apply for heating assistance online via the MaineHousing website or by calling their local community action agency. You can find a list of community action agencies on the MECAP website.

Applicants will need to provide the following information:

1.     Proof of citizenship, photo ID, and Social Security cards for all household members

2.     Proof of income

3.     Copies of energy bills

The approval timeline is an average of 30 to 60 days, so eligible Mainers are encouraged to apply as soon as possible. Approval for LIHEAP is also a prerequisite for obtaining some other forms of assistance.